The Method of Sajdah Sahw and Important Rulings
The Meaning and Concept of Sajdah Sahw:
The meaning of “Sahw” is
“to forget.” When a person forgets something related to the pillars or other
parts of prayer while performing Salah, it is called “Sahw.” To make up for the
deficiency or mistake that occurs in the prayer because of this forgetfulness,
an additional prostration is performed during the final Tashahhud. This
prostration is called “Sajdah Sahw.”
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| How to Perform Sajdah Sahw and Important Rules |
The Prophet’s (peace and blessings be upon him) Forgetfulness in Prayer:
عَنْ حَمَّادٍ، عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ علْقَمَةَ، عَنْ عبد اللہ بن
مَسْعُودٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ:
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهَ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ صَلَّى
صَلَاةً إِمَّا الظُّهْرَ وَإِمَّا الْعصَرَ، گزار او نَقَصَ، فَلَمَّا فَرَغَ
وَسَلَّمَ، فَقِيلَ أَحَدَثَ فِي الصَّلَاةِ شَيْءٌ أَمْ نَسِيْتَ؟
قَالَ: أُنْسِى كَمَا تُنْسَوْنَ، فَإِذَا نَسِيْتُ فَذَكِّرُونِي،
ثُمَّ حَوَّلَ وَجْهَهُ إِلَى الْقِبْلَةِ، فَسَجَد سجدتی السھوِ وتشھد فِيهَا،
ثُمَّ سَلَّمَ عَنْ يَمِينِهِ وَعَنْ شِمَالِه۔
Translation:
Hazrat Abdullah bin Masud
(may Allah Almighty be pleased with him) reported that the Noble Prophet ﷺ led the
Zuhr or Asr prayer, in which some Rak'ahs were added or omitted. When the
Prophet ﷺ
finished the prayer and said Salam, he was asked:
“O Messenger of Allah ﷺ! Has
something changed in the prayer, or did you forget?”
He replied: “I forget
just as you forget. When I forget, remind me.” Then the Prophet ﷺ turned
his blessed face towards the Qiblah and performed two prostrations. He then
recited the Tashahhud and said Salam to his right and left.
(Musnad Imam Azam,
Urdu Commentary, Allama Yaseen Qasuri, Kitab-us-Salah, p. 376)
When Does Sajdah Sahw
Become Necessary?
There are three
conditions for Sajdah Sahw to become Wajib:
Number One: Leaving out
an act that is Wajib in prayer.
Number Two: Repeating a
Wajib act. This means performing an act twice by mistake when it was Wajib to
perform it only once during prayer.
Number Three: Delaying a
Wajib act. This means that one Wajib act in prayer should be followed
immediately by the next act without delay.
Important Rulings
Regarding Sajdah Sahw:
Some important and
necessary Islamic legal rulings regarding Sajdah Sahw are given below:
- If a person deliberately leaves out a Wajib
act, this cannot be made up for by performing Sajdah Sahw. Rather,
repeating the prayer is necessary. If a person accidentally leaves out a
Wajib act and does not perform Sajdah Sahw, repeating the prayer is also
necessary.
- If a person leaves out a Wajib act that is
not related to the Wajibat of Salah but is related to an external
requirement, it cannot be made up for by performing Sajdah Sahw. For
example, reciting the Quran in an order different from the prescribed
order is considered leaving out a Wajib act, but Sajdah Sahw does not
become Wajib because of it.
- If a Fard act of prayer is left out, the
prayer becomes invalid. This cannot be made up for by performing Sajdah
Sahw. Rather, the prayer must be performed again from the beginning. If
any Sunnah or Mustahabb act of prayer is missed, Sajdah Sahw does not
become Wajib, and the prayer remains valid without Sajdah Sahw.
- If several Wajib acts are missed during
prayer, it is not necessary to perform separate Sajdah Sahw for each one.
All of them can be made up for by performing Sajdah Sahw once.
- If the Imam makes a mistake, Sajdah Sahw
becomes Wajib for both the Imam and the followers. However, if a follower
makes a mistake, Sajdah Sahw is not required from either the Imam or the
follower.
(Musnad Imam Azam, Urdu Commentary, Allama Yaseen Qasuri, Kitab-us-Salah, pp. 376–378)
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