Types of Hajj and their differences:
How Many Types of Hajj?
Qur’anic
Verse Regarding the Obligation of Hajj:
Allah the
Almighty says:
وَلِلَٰهِ عَلَى النَّاسِ حِجُّ الْبَيْتِ مَنِ
اسْتَطَاعَ إِلَيْهِ سَبِيلًا
Translation:
"And
[due] to Allah from the people is a pilgrimage to the House – for whoever is
able to find thereto a way."
(Surah
Aal-e-Imran, 3:97)
Types of Hajj and their differences
Meaning of
Hajj:
Linguistic Definition:
The word
Hajj literally means "to intend or set out for a great destination."
Terminological
Definition:
To stand in
the plain of Arafat on the 9th of Dhul-Hijjah after the sun has passed its
zenith, with the intention of performing Hajj while in a state of Ihram, and to
perform the Tawaf al-Ziyarah of the Kaaba at any point from the 10th of
Dhul-Hijjah until the end of life – this constitutes Hajj.
Hajj is also
defined as the intention to perform the standing at Arafat and the
circumambulation of the Kaaba.
How Many
Types of Hajj?
The scholars
of Islamic jurisprudence (Fiqh) have described three types of Hajj:
1- Hajj
al-Ifrad (Single Hajj):
Entering
into the state of Ihram with the sole intention of performing Hajj and
completing only its rites.
2- Hajj
al-Tamattu’ (Intermittent Hajj):
First
entering Ihram with the intention of performing ‘Umrah, completing all its
rituals (Tawaf and Sa’i between Safa and Marwah), then coming out of Ihram. On
the 8th of Dhul-Hijjah, entering into a new state of Ihram for Hajj and
performing its rituals.
3- Hajj
al-Qiran (Combined Hajj and ‘Umrah):
Entering
Ihram with the intention of performing both Hajj and ‘Umrah together,
performing the rituals of ‘Umrah first and then, without coming out of Ihram,
completing the rituals of Hajj.
Which Type
of Hajj Is the Most Virtuous?
According to
Imam Abu Hanifa (may Allah have mercy on him), the most virtuous form of Hajj
is Hajj al-Qiran, followed by Hajj al-Tamattu’, and then Hajj al-Ifrad.
Supporting
Evidences:
(I) - Narration of Jabir ibn Abdullah (may Allah
be pleased with him):
"The
Prophet (peace be upon him) performed three Hajj: two before migration, and one
after migration in which he also performed ‘Umrah."
(II) - Narration of Anas (may Allah be pleased
with him):
"I
heard the Prophet (peace be upon him) saying: 'Labbaik for both ‘Umrah and
Hajj.'"
Source:
Sharh Musnad
Imam Azam, Book of Hajj, pages 501–502
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